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GROUP LEVEL: CREDIT GROUP.
CREDIT GROUP is a self managed women group. They are initiated to generate financial resources through their own savings and revolve the same to meet the credit needs of their members. A group consists of 10 to 20 members who live in the same neighborhood in a particular habitation. Each committee has a unique way of managing their own finances, through the members are self selected in each group.
Each group establishes its own norms and elect leaders to take up the responsibility of running the group. The primary source of funds for the group is from the savings of its own members and interest earned on loans. The members determine the rate of interest on the loans jointly. Interest is also paid on savings collected from the members. Regular transaction of collecting savings issuing and repayment of loans taken place during regular meetings where all members are present. Members collectively take all decisions.
Each group creates a common fund from the interest earned on the loans. They meet their cost of operations viz., books, administrative expenses etc., from the common fund.
The repayment of loans is to be ensured by an individual taking responsibility and Peer Pressure. It may be delayed for a few months, but not left unpaid
In addition to financial transactions, these groups play a vital role in building a close relationship among women living in the tribal villages. It helps them to support each other and address many of their every day problems.
The structure and functions of the credit groups on the above lines should be formed in tribal villages. Many villages already have such committees. But for selections a villages for the higher task can be done in the following way.
VILLAGE SELECTION
Community unity and the functioning of the existing Mahila committee should be assured first. The details like money lending process, number of families approaching moneylenders, purposes of loans, rate of interest are to be collected. The data thus collected should be analyzed and villages may be prioritized under the following conditions.
1. Villages which are interior inaccessible, under developed.
2. Mahila committee functioning actively and meeting regularly for savings and loans. Women leadership is existing.
3. Villages should be preferably smaller.
4. Exploitation by money lender.
5. No moneylender exists in the villages.
If four out of the six conditions are satisfied the village may be prioritized.
MANAGEMENT:
At Credit Group level:
Entire management is left the group alone. No outside interference allowed except for guidance, that too only when the group asks for it.
GROUP LEADER
One Woman represents in the Cluster Association along with any other two without voting right
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
It consists of 5 members. It includes 3 women and 2 men (co-opted optionally)
ALL CREDIT GROUP MEMBERS
Entire credit management is to be decided by the Members meeting alone. The Executive Committee generally supervises the activities of the group. They have neither specific authority nor any special status. In the absence of the group leader, the women members of the credit group preside over the meetings. The co-opted men members have neither special rights nor status. They are co-opted for interacting with other village institutions.
AT CLUSTER ASSOCIATION LEVEL
Cluster association exists only for the guidance for the credit groups.
CLUSTER LEADER represents the Cluster Association.
CLUSTER COMMITTEE consists of 3 members selected from the Cluster Associations.
CLUSTER ASSOCIATION
GROUP LEADER
CREDIT GROUP
OVERALL MANAGEMENT
I.T.D.A. Level Advisory body - Meets at least once in 6 months.
- P.O., ITDA Bankers, cluster leaders.
- Chair person of the Federation.
- Sub Collector.
Governing Body - (Cluster committee members)
- meets at least once in 3 months.
- All credit group leaders.
- Bank Manager concerned.
- P.O., ITDA.
- Sub Collector
General Body - all the women members of the
Credit groups- Annual meeting.
THE CREDIT MANAGEMENT:
Federation - Funds from financial institutions like HUDCO,
SIDBI, NABARD etc.
Cluster Association - Regional Banks
Local Head Offices.
Credit Group - From the local branch of a Bank.
Member saves &
Gets loan.
CONDUCTING THE DISCUSSIONS
DO’S.
• Be a facilitator. Try to elicit comments and information from the trainees through
• Intelligent questioning.
• Ask, listen and guide, rather than lecture.
• Be patient. Give the trainees time to respond.
• Use the trainees’ own words during discussions as far as possible.
• Encourage participation from all trainees.
• Wherever appropriate, support a minority point of view, this helps to stimulate discussion, analytical and critical thinking and contributes to greater comprehension of the issues from different viewpoints.
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