Progress on substance with agreement was reached on a number of issues that lead to a better-balanced Declaration of Principles. The rate of progress accelerated considerably in the second part of the week but time was then too short and the positions of delegations on some of the outstanding issues were still too far apart to reach agreement on all the text.
Negotiations went into higher gear towards the middle of the week which finally led to the adoption of nearly 90% of the text of the Action Plan and 75% of the Declaration. The outstanding paragraphs of the Action Plan are those linked to the issues in the Declaration that are still proving challenging. However, a main objective of the Summit has already been achieved, according to Yoshio Utsumi, Secretary-General of ITU. “We have succeeded in raising awareness at the highest political level of the implications of the Information Society. Commitment has been expressed to tackle the injustice of the digital divide and to develop new frameworks for cyberspace to ensure that the benefits of the information society are extended to all, not just to a privileged few.”
KEY ISSUES ON WHICH AGREEMENT HAS BEEN REACHED INCLUDE:
ICTs as a powerful development tool. ICTs are potentially important in government operations and services, health care and health information, education and training, employment, job creation, business agriculture, transport, protection of environment and management of natural resources, disaster prevention and culture, and to promote eradication of poverty and other agreed development goals.
Information and Communication Infrastructure. The development of an ICT infrastructure is an essential foundation for an inclusive information society. Universal, ubiquitous, equitable and affordable access to ICT infrastructure and services should be an objective of all stakeholders involved in building the information society.
Capacity building. This refers to investment in human resources and universal access to information and knowledge, the recognition of the need to empower marginalized and vulnerable groups to support their efforts to get out of poverty. Acknowledged is the need to promote and protect their human rights and fundamental freedoms as well as to the preserve and protect their heritage and cultural legacy.
Enabling environment. Particularly important is the need for rule of law accompanied by supportive, transparent, pro-competitive and predictable policies. Another important point concerns standardization. International standards will create an environment where consumers can access services worldwide regardless of the underlying technology.
Cultural identity and diversity. Related paragraphs recognize the need for the creation, dissemination and preservation of content in various languages and formats as well as the need to reward rights of author but also to promote the production of and accessibility to all content including local content.
Stakeholder roles. Building a people-centred information Society is a joint effort which requires cooperation and partnership among all stakeholders.
Open source and free software, in order to increase competition, freedom of choice and affordability, since “proprietary” software solutions, which are copyright protected, often incur higher costs and may restrict options.
61 Heads of State or Government have so far committed to participate in the first phase of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in Geneva (10-12 December 2003) with more than 6000 delegates from government, intergovernmental organizations, civil society, the private sector and the media. The Summit will endorse a Declaration of Principles for the Information Society and a plan of action to bring the benefits of information and communications technologies for social and economic development to people in all parts of the world.
The World Summit on the Information Society is being held under the patronage of Kofi Annan, Secretary General of the United Nations (UN) and is being organized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the UN specialized agency for telecommunications. This was stated by Dr A Moyeen Khan, MP, Minister for Science & Information & Communication Technology Minister who returned from Geneva after the recently concluded session of the PrepCom3 after hectic discussion on the 2 Documents related to Declaration of Principles and Programme of Action (PoA) to be adopted by the Heads of States and Heads of Governments at the Geneva Summit on WSIS. Dr Khan however said that unlike in Cancun, the environment in Geneva was that of an converging Dialogue rather than a diverging one, and that significant progress had been made in the weeklong meeting although there were stiff differences of opinion between the North and the South countries, the tough negotiations continuing until almost midnight every night in the Working Committee 2 as well as in the open ended group meetings. Dr Khan cautioned however saying that the Developed countries seems extremely reluctant on contribution to the “Solidarity Fund”, and actually suggested that the phrase be re-designated as the “Solidarity Agenda”.
The mood amongst the Developing countries were high, even suggesting that we should go alone in building our own infrastructure if the rich countries are not prepared to extend their support in respect of promotion of ICT in poorer countries of the world. Dr Khan further said that Honourable Prime Minister begum Khaleda Zia had been invited to address the Summit on the 11th of December where she is expected to highlight the recent advances of the ICT Sector in Bangladesh during her government.
The Third Resumed Session of the Preparatory Committee met in Geneva from 10 to 14 November 2003 to bring countries' positions closer on a Declaration and Action Plan to build an Information Society for the benefit of humanity to be tabled for endorsement by Heads of States and Governments next month. The draft Declaration of Principles articulates a common vision of the key values that should serve as the foundation for the emerging Information Society. The draft Plan of Action sets out time-bound development targets aimed at extending access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) to all.
WORK IN PROGRESS
There has been considerable progress in substance on the items below but agreed language to encapsulate the spirit of the agreement is yet to be fully crafted. In a number of cases, this boils down to only a few words or parts of sentences in an entire paragraph or series of paragraphs.
Ċ Intellectual Property (striking a balance between ensuring freedom of access to information, and protecting and stimulating innovation).
Ċ Ethical dimensions (call on all actors to prevent abusive uses of ICTs, such as racism, intolerance, hatred, violence, pornography and child abuse).
Ċ Connectivity (infrastructure development to expand access to ICTs for all people everywhere).
ISSUES YET TO BE RESOLVED
Finally, there are issues that require further negotiations and where consultation and negotiation is to take place in the period leading to a final meeting of PrepCom on 5 and 6 December. This final round of negotiations will be facilitated by the host country, Switzerland. These issues are:
Ċ Security. This encompasses privacy, consumer protection and protection of data including the control of spam as well as integrity and protection of networks.
ƒä Internet governance ¡X the role of all stakeholders in the management of the Internet at both the technical and public policy levels and the balance between them.
Ċ Financing of ICT for development : Digital Solidarity Agenda (that puts the conditions for mobilizing financial and technological resources for improved ICT access) and Digital Solidarity Fund (to channel financing to ICT for development. A consensus is emerging on the need to undertake a thorough review of the existing funding mechanisms to take account of the imperatives of the information society with the possible creation of a Digital Solidarity Fund to be created if needed based on the results of this review.)
ƒä Role of media and human rights issues ¡X the importance of the role of media in the Information Society including whether the media should be considered as a separate stakeholder and whether references to the freedom of expression and opinion embodied in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) should be linked those of Article 29 of the UDHR on the duties to the community and to the limitation of one¡¦s rights and obligations in relation to the rights and freedom of others.
THE ROAD AHEAD
The PrepCom will reconvene, at a high-level, on 5-6 December with consultations to be undertaken by the Host Country in the interim.
¡§The commitment of so many heads to participate in the Summit is very important as it will be the first opportunity to address in a global forum and at the highest political level the challenges that lie ahead in the Information Society. There have been many benefits in the explosive development of information and communication technologies, especially in terms of creating jobs and wealth creation, but it is also creating legitimate concerns, such as ensuring access to information and communication technology, while preserving fundamental freedoms and human rights, security and privacy,¡¨ stated Yoshio Utsumi, ITU Secretary-General. The World Summit will address some of these concerns by establishing a common understanding among stakeholders about how to capitalize on the opportunities, while addressing the challenges of the Information Society.
¡§As information and communication technologies become more important in all aspects of our lives, it is important that no one should be left behind,¡¨ added Mr Utsumi. The draft action plan of the Summit proposes a commitment to connect all of the world¡¦s villages with ICTs by 2015, and to connect at least half the world¡¦s inhabitants by that date.
Negotiations on unresolved issues to continue prior to Summit on 5-6 December 2003.
About WSIS
The World Summit on the Information Society provides a unique opportunity for all key stakeholders to develop a common vision and understanding and to address the whole range of relevant issues related to the Information Society.
It aims to bring together Heads of State, Executive Heads of the United Nations agencies, non-governmental organizations, civil society entities, industry leaders and media representatives to foster a clear statement of political will and concrete plan of action to shape the future of the global information society and to promote the urgently needed access of all countries to information, knowledge and communication technologies for development.
The Summit has been endorsed by the UN General Assembly and will take place under the high patronage of Kofi Annan, UN Secretary-General, with the International Telecommunication Union taking the lead role in its preparation.
The Summit will be held in two phases: Geneva (10-12 December 2003) and Tunisia (16-18 November 2005).
Reported By:
Md. Akteruzzaman (akzaman@asia.com), CEO of E-Content.Org
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